Introduction

GNU.org

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Commands QUICK List

PICO, VI, VIM, NANO

Editors

sudo –s

launch a shell with sudo

SHIFT-CTRL-C

COPY

SHIFT-CTRL-V

PASTE

CTRL-A

Start of the line

CTRL-E

End of the line

Change Directory

HOME

TOUCH

Update file timestamp

RM –RF

Remove –r(recursive)….NOT SURE ON THE F

MKDIR

Create directory

FIND files

-name case sensitive

-iname case insensitive

FIND /startdir -name \*.log

LS directory

-l list LONG version

-al all files

-ali all files, all information

-A all files, brief

Disk free space

-h Human readable

PAGE/LESS

Print entire text file to screen

CAT

Print entire file contents to StdOut

HEAD –n 5

print FIRST 5 lines of a file

TAIL –n 5

print LAST 5 lines of a file

count lines, words, characters

GREP

<COMMAND> | GREP <STRING> =Filter

WHICH test

Location of an executable

ADDUSER

–m –p test test

-m =create home directory

-p =password

USERNAME goes LAST

USERDEL

Delete User

PASSWD

Add/change password to current user

Processes

ps –ax

list processes

top

dynamic list of running processes

CUT Chops tabulated data by column and delimiter

LET INCREMENT VARIABLE (let "COUNT += 1")

^C = interrupting a loop

Pico

^O save

^K cut line

^U Paste line

Alt-\ Top

Alt-/ Bottom

Terminal

C-S-‘T’ = new TAB

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Basics

Shell Prompts

# - normal login

$ - root login (su or sudo)

root user always has USERID=0

CD

returns to user’s HOME directory

EXIT

returns user to root directory and releases the ‘su’ root access rights

PAGE & LESS

Pagers to view text files
CTRL-Z to exit

etc/profile

global configuration
size of history
user prompts
environment variables
user settings

etc/bash.rc

aliases and functions
logic for logged in the user
aliases

correspond to a certain name with command and arguments
Ex.: less = ls –l

functions: shell could determine blocks of code
$PS1 variable control prompt

Ex.:[\u@\\h \W]\\$

Hidden Files

files preceded with ‘.’ are hidden by default

etc/skel (SKELETON)

ls –al = list all
skel contains all hidden files
upon login bash reads all

The location of /etc/skel can be changed by editing the line that begins with SKEL= in the configuration file /etc/default/useradd. By default this line says SKEL=/etc/skel.

.bash_logout

routines for logging out

.bash_profile

user specific settings and functions

.bashrc

personal functions and aliases on a per-user basis

.bash_logout

executes upon logout
simply clears screen by default\

Explanations

bash_profile

if exists [ etc/.bashrc ], then run it..

~/.bash_profile
~/.bashrc

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

/etc/profile assigns $HOME

export PATH

write $PATH variable to the $PATH environment variable

unset USERNAME

release USERNAME variable

bashrc

if exists /etc/bashrc, run it

Files Readupon logon

System-wide

impacts already existing users

etc/profile

PATH
Variables

etc/bashrc

functions and aliases

Per User (if exists..)

only new users when added

~/.bash_profile

~/.bashrc

Creating a new user

when creating new user… etc/skel contents are copied to user $HOME directory

system files copied
user files copied

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home$ sudo useradd -m -p test test

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home$ cd test

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home/test$ ls -al

total 32

drwxr-xr-x 2 test test 4096 Apr 2 02:38 .

drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Apr 2 02:38 ..

-rw-r--r-- 1 test test 220 Sep 19 2012 .bash_logout

-rw-r--r-- 1 test test 3637 Sep 19 2012 .bashrc

-rw-r--r-- 1 test test 8445 Apr 16 2012 examples.desktop

-rw-r--r-- 1 test test 675 Sep 19 2012 .profile

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home/test$

Scope vs Location

/etc is for SYSTEM
/etc/skel is for USER

User settings can override or append global settings

global
local
new users

Note: CLOSEST SCOPE overrides previous scope’s settings

Setting Variables in these user profiles will cause updates for FUTURE logons

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Command History

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Setting up SSH(Port 20)

The openssh-server doesn’t seem to be installed by default so…install it.

ssh –l test localhost

sudo service ssh start

sudo service ssh stop

sudo apt-get remove openssh-server

setup@ubuntu-vm1:~$ apt-cache policy openssh-server

openssh-server:

Installed: (none)

Candidate: 1:6.0p1-3ubuntu1

Version table:

1:6.0p1-3ubuntu1 0

500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main i386 Packages

setup@ubuntu-vm1:~$ sudo apt-get install openssh-server

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following extra packages will be installed:

ncurses-term ssh-import-id

Suggested packages:

rssh molly-guard openssh-blacklist openssh-blacklist-extra monkeysphere

The following NEW packages will be installed:

ncurses-term openssh-server ssh-import-id

0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 324 not upgraded.

Need to get 775 kB of archives.

After this operation, 3,066 kB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y

Verify Installation and Status

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home/test$ apt-cache policy openssh-server

openssh-server:

Installed: 1:6.0p1-3ubuntu1

Candidate: 1:6.0p1-3ubuntu1

Version table:

*** 1:6.0p1-3ubuntu1 0

500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main i386 Packages

100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home/test$ sudo service ssh status

ssh start/running, process 5290

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home/test$ addpasswd

The program 'addpasswd' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:

sudo apt-get install gnugk

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home/test$ sudo apt-get install gnugk

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following extra packages will be installed:

libh323-1.24.0 libodbc1 libpt2.10.4 libsdl1.2debian

Suggested packages:

ekiga ohphone ohphone-basic simph323 libmyodbc odbc-postgresql tdsodbc

unixodbc-bin

The following NEW packages will be installed:

gnugk libh323-1.24.0 libodbc1 libpt2.10.4 libsdl1.2debian

0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 324 not upgraded.

Need to get 5,561 kB of archives.

After this operation, 16.1 MB of additional disk space will be used.

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home/test$ passwd test

passwd: You may not view or modify password information for test.

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/home/test$ sudo passwd test

Enter new UNIX password:

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: password updated successfully

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SET

SET alone will print ALL variables

$ set

CLASSPATH='/usr/java/jdk6'

HOME='/home/test'

IFS='

JAVA_BIN='/usr/java/jdk6/bin'

JAVA_HOME='/usr/java/jdk6'

JAVA_JDK='/usr/java/jdk6'

JRE_PATH='xxxxxxxxxxxx'

LANCE='ReallyCool'

LANG='en_US.UTF-8'

LOGNAME='test'

MAIL='/var/mail/test'

OPTIND='1'

PATH='/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/usr/java/jdk6:/usr/java/jdk6/bin'

PPID='6173'

PS1='$ '

PS2='> '

PS4='+ '

PWD='/home/test'

SHELL='/bin/sh'

SSH_CLIENT='127.0.0.1 38878 22'

SSH_CONNECTION='127.0.0.1 38878 127.0.0.1 22'

SSH_TTY='/dev/pts/1'

TERM='xterm'

USER='test'

XDG_RUNTIME_DIR='/run/user/test'

XDG_SESSION_COOKIE='bb979e30f8215ca13b13321551551a88-1364891226.907362-87009971'

_='ReallyCool'

SET | GREP <STRING> will filter by the string

$ set | grep JAVA

JAVA_BIN='/usr/java/jdk6/bin'

JAVA_HOME='/usr/java/jdk6'

JAVA_JDK='/usr/java/jdk6'

PRINTENV

MAIL=/var/mail/test

USER=test

SSH_CLIENT=127.0.0.1 38878 22

HOME=/home/test

SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/1

XDG_SESSION_COOKIE=bb979e30f8215ca13b13321551551a88-1364891226.907362-87009971

LANCE=ReallyCool

JRE_PATH=xxxxxxxxxxxx

LOGNAME=test

TERM=xterm

PATH=/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/usr/java/jdk6:/usr/java/jdk6/bin

XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/test

LANG=en_US.UTF-8

SHELL=/bin/sh

JAVA_JDK=/usr/java/jdk6

JAVA_BIN=/usr/java/jdk6/bin

CLASSPATH=/usr/java/jdk6

PWD=/home/test

JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk6

SSH_CONNECTION=127.0.0.1 38878 127.0.0.1 22

Echo <variable>

$ echo $LANCE

ReallyCool

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TEST

man test

Each command performed in the console will return an error code to ‘?’ variable
Can test against ?
use WHICH to locate where test executable is

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc$ which test

/usr/bin/test

Operators: Testing Integers

-eq, -ne, -le, -ge, -lt , –gt,

Operators: Testing Strings

test hello_world = hello_worl; echo $?

= equal

!= not equal

-nt newer than

-ot older than

Testing Devices

Character Devices, not normal block devices

/dev/cua0 – COM1

/dev/cua1 – COM2

Used to verify you are working with a block or character device before writing to it

-b block device (modem-/dev/cua0)

-c serial device

Other Tests

-e exists (file or dir)

-f regular file (not a dir)

-l

-n

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc$ which test

/usr/bin/test

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc/skel$ test 1 -eq 1

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc/skel$ echo $?

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc/skel$ test 100 -eq 200

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc/skel$ echo $?

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc/skel$ test 100 -lt 200

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc/skel$ echo $?

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc/skel$ test 100 -gt 200

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/etc/skel$ echo $?

String Tests

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2$ sudo touch testing1

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2$ sudo touch testing2

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2$ test testing1 -nt testing2; echo $?

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2$ test testing1 -ot testing2; echo $?

in scripts test won’t be used, instead [ -f <filename> ]

-S socket test ( /.var/lib/mysql.sock is a socket)

-s zero byte files ( create new empty file to pass test)

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Bash Commands

standard linux command list is not extensive, so shell scripts are created and included in the distribution as utilities

cat operate from beginning of a file

tac operate from end of file

-A show all (ex.: EOL shows as $ (is regex for EOL) )

-T indicate TAB

-E show ends

After creating data1 with 3 text lines…

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2$ sudo pico data1

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2$ cat data1

LinuxCBT

Another Line

Anocat hter Line1

setup@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2$ cat -A -s data1

LinuxCBT$

Another Line$

Anohter Line1$

more lines after a blank line$

more lines after more lines$

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# cat data1 data1a > data1b

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# cat data1b

LinuxCBT

Another Line

Anohter Line1

more lines after a blank line

more lines after more lines

additional text

file data1a

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# which cat

/bin/cat

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# which tac

/usr/bin/tac

Updating File Timestamp with TOUCH

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# ls -l data1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 100 Apr 2 05:06 data1

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# touch data1

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# ls -l data1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 100 Apr 2 05:16 data1

wc count lines, words, characters

wc –l count lines only

wc –l | cut –d ‘ ‘ –f 1

cut with –d delimeter

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# wc data1

11 16 100 data1

List all files and find get count

ls –A | wc –l

ls –time=atime –ltr data1 (access time)

-l long listing

-t sort by modification time, newest first

-r reverse order

sleep pause for x seconds

usleep pause for x microseconds ( 1,000,000 = 1 second)

TIME ( Timer )

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# which time

/usr/bin/time

PS ( Pocesses )

ps -aux

Locating process instances

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# ps aux | grep bash

setup 2572 0.0 0.2 6368 2768 pts/0 Ss 01:29 0:00 bash

setup 2873 0.0 0.2 6356 2764 pts/0 S 01:30 0:00 bash

setup 3065 0.0 0.2 6360 2752 pts/0 S 01:33 0:00 bash

setup 3113 0.0 0.2 6360 2768 pts/0 S 01:33 0:00 bash

setup 3278 0.0 0.2 6356 2764 pts/0 S 01:42 0:00 bash

setup 3346 0.0 0.0 4460 844 pts/0 T 01:44 0:00 less bash.bashrc

setup 3827 0.0 0.0 4460 848 pts/0 T 02:17 0:00 less .bash_logout

setup 3849 0.0 0.0 4396 836 pts/0 T 02:19 0:00 grep --color=auto bash

setup 3876 0.0 0.2 6360 2768 pts/0 S+ 02:21 0:00 bash

setup 5341 0.0 0.2 6400 2920 pts/5 Ss 03:08 0:00 bash

root 7083 0.0 0.2 6352 2756 pts/5 S 05:12 0:00 /bin/bash

root 7309 0.0 0.0 4392 832 pts/5 R+ 05:37 0:00 grep --color=auto bash

KILL

kill a process

TOP

picture view of process listing, memory, cpu usage

TAIL

end part of a file

DATE

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# date

Tue Apr 2 05:44:33 CDT 2013

-r show date of last modification to a file

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# date -r data1

Tue Apr 2 05:16:02 CDT 2013

%s seconds

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# date +%s

1364899721

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# date +%s

1364899721

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# date +%d-%T-%b

02-05:50:30-Apr

EXPR (Expression) with Integers

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# which expr

/usr/bin/expr

+, -, \*, /

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# expr 10 + 10

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# expr 10 + 100

110

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# expr 10 \* 100

1000

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# i=`expr $i + 1`; echo $i

EXPR with Strings

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# expr LinuxCBT = LinuxCBT

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# expr LinuxCBT = LinuxCBTs

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# expr length LinuxCBT

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# expr substr LinuxCBT 1 3

Lin

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# expr substr LinuxCBT 2 5

inuxC

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# touch `date +%F`.log

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# ls -ltr

total 12

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 2 04:27 testing1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 2 04:27 testing2

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 28 Apr 2 05:08 data1a

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 128 Apr 2 05:13 data1b

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 2 05:15 data1c

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 100 Apr 2 05:16 data1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 2 06:05 2013-04-02.log

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2#

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# echo "Program Succeeded" >> `date +%F`.log

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# cat 2013-04-02.log

Program Succeeded

%s (Time since epoch)

Used to have a common point of reference across systems

%s 1970-01-01 Time since epoch

%N ( nano seconds)

Create a random number by using nanoseconds since it updates so fast

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# date +%N

469884192

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# date +%N

697812034

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# date +%N

937944824

SEQ ( Sequence )

Creates a sequence of numbers and sends to std out

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# seq 4

CTRL-Z and FG

CTRL-Z STOP

FG Foreground (Send To)

CTRL-Z

sends a job to the background AND STOP

CTRL-C

will kill it

will send it to the foreground

<command>&

start job and send to the background AND CONTINUE

WATCH <file>

get updates while it is processing

JOBS

list jobs

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# seq 10000000 > junk1.data

[1]+ Stopped seq 10000000 > junk1.data

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# fg

seq 10000000 > junk1.data

SORT (Similar to CAT)

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# cat junk1.data

LinuxCBT

debian

RedHat

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# sort junk1.data

debian

LinuxCBT

RedHat

UNIQ

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# sort junk1.data | uniq

debian

LinuxCBT

RedHat

CUT ( Cut Columns from piped input )

Cut Columns

Takes piped input, cuts a –f field ( column ) by –d delimiter ‘:’

cat /etc/passwd

setup:x:1000:1000:Setup,,,:/home/setup:/bin/bash

remote:x:1001:1001:Remote,,,:/home/remote:/bin/bash

test:x:1002:1002::/home/test:/bin/sh

sshd:x:115:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin

gnugk:x:116:125:GNUgk daemon,,,:/var/run/gnugk:/bin/false

cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f6

/home/setup

/home/remote

/home/test

/var/run/sshd

/var/run/gnugk

TR ( Translation )

operate on characters

-c compliment

-d delete

-s squeeze repeats

posix standard

[:upper:]

[:lower:]

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# echo FILE1 | tr A-Z a-z

file1

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# echo FILEEEEEEEE1 | tr -s A-Z a-z

file1

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# echo FILE1 | tr [:upper:] [:lower:]

file1

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# echo FILE1 | tr -s A-Z a-z | tr [:upper:] [:lower:]

file1

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# echo FILE1 | tr -c A-Z z

FILEzzroot@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2#

Scripted Version

use ‘less *’ to print the script contents to the screen

#! /bin/bash

#Author: Lance Roberts

#Date: 03.40.2013

#Purpose: Illustrate using tr in a script to convert upper to lower filenames

myscriptname=`basename $0`;

#exit;

for i in `ls -A`

if [ $i = $myscriptname ]

then

echo "Sorry, can't rename myself!"

elif [ $i != $myscriptname ]

then

newname=`echo $i | tr a-z A-Z`

mv $i $newname

done

RUNNING IT…

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp2a# sh tr1.sh

mv: `FILE1' and `FILE1' are the same file

mv: `FILE2' and `FILE2' are the same file

mv: `FILE3' and `FILE3' are the same file

mv: `FILE4' and `FILE4' are the same file

mv: `FILE5' and `FILE5' are the same file

Sorry, can't rename myself!

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Built-In Commands

Commands that are built into the command shell

Other ones reside in the filesystem ( ‘which *’ to find where )

echo

pwd print working directory

cd change directory

cd / absolute root

cd .. up one directory

dir symbolic link in linux OS

cd alone will cd to ~/home

Change dir up 3 levels

cd ../../../

read read variables from stdin

PWD

BASH shell updates these variables automatically each time a directory is changed

PWD

OLDPWD

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp2a# pwd

/temp2/temp2a

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp2a# cd ..

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# pwd

/temp2

CD

change dir to root

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# cd /

change dir to $HOME (~)

root@ubuntu-vm1:/# cd ~

root@ubuntu-vm1:~#

READ

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# read test

testing

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# echo $test

testing

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# read var1 var2

one

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# read var1 var2

one two

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# read -n 3 answer

yesroot@ubuntu-vm1:~# echo $answer

yes

SET & UNSET

set print variable information

unset remove variable

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# unset var1

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# echo var1

var1

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# echo $var1

SOURCE

executes a shell script

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# ls -l testsource.sh

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 83 Apr 3 19:27 testsource.sh

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# ./testsource.sh

bash: ./testsource.sh: Permission denied

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# source testsource.sh

hello world

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# cat testsource.sh

#!/bin/bash

# the above tells the shell this is a shell script

echo hello world

EXPORT

Ensure the variable is available

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# TESTVAR=1000

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2# set | grep TEST

TESTVAR=1000

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Shell Expansions

Numerous type of expansions

Brace Expansion
Tilde Expansion
Arithmetic Expansion
Command Substitution

Brace Expansion

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp3# touch test{1,2,3}

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp3# ls

test1 test2 test3

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp3# touch test{1,2,3}file

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp3# ls

test1 test1file test2 test2file test3 test3file

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp3# rm -rf *

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp3# touch files{1,2,3}

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp3# ls -l

total 0

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 3 21:55 files1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 3 21:55 files2

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Apr 3 21:55 files3

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp3# rm -rf files{1,2,3}

root@ubuntu-vm1:/temp2/temp3# ls -l

total 0

Aliases

assigned to a function

alias ls='ls --color=auto'

#alias dir='dir --color=auto'

#alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

alias grep='grep --color=auto'

alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'

alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'

ALIAS

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# alias

alias alert='notify-send --urgency=low -i "$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)" "$(history|tail -n1|sed -e '\''s/^\s*[0-9]\+\s*//;s/[;&|]\s*alert$//'\'')"'

alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'

alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'

alias grep='grep --color=auto'

alias l='ls -CF'

alias la='ls -A'

alias ll='ls -alF'

alias ls='ls --color=auto'

ALIAS ( Setting an alias )

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# alias ls='ls -l'

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# alias delete='rm -i'

UNALIAS ( Unsetting an alias )

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# unalias delete

Exit Status Unsetting an alias

All commands return an exit code upon completion

8bit: 0-255 values

errorlevel stored in ‘?’

Use echo $?

Here, echo will re-write the ? variable, so need to capture it immediate before being overwritten

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ls; echo $?

# Description

1 Fails to run (valid command with bad argument

127 Running non-existent command

126 permission problems ( ie. file note executable )

Control error status in scripts

exit 1

exit 150

exit 240

Then user can drive logic off these status codes for intelligent scripting.

Command Chaining

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# pwd; echo hello world

/home/setup/temp2

hello world

When editing long lines, CTRL-A and CTRL-E will assist with navigating long lines

CTRL-A Start of the line

CTRL-E End of the line

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# clear;cd /;ls -l;echo you are in $PWD;echo time to go back home;cd ~

Command Lists

&&

Execute <command2> if <command1> succeeds ( returns errorlevel=0 )

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# ls -l && pwd

||

Execute < command2> if <command1> fails ( errorlevel<>0 )

root@ubuntu-vm1:~# ls -l || pwd

I/O Redirection

File descriptors:

0 STDIN KEYBOARD

1 STDOUT SCREEN

2 STDERROR ------

vi

i insert

___________________

Hello World

___________________

:wq save,quit ( or :quit )

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat < helloworld.txt

Hello World

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# grep Hello < helloworld.txt

Hello World

< input redirection

> redirect to

>> redirect / append redirection

NOTE: grep the redirection to search for strings and return whole line

CAT contents of one file to another

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat helloworld.txt > helloworld2.txt

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat helloworld.txt >> helloworld2.txt

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat helloworld.txt

Hello World

We're Here

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat helloworld2.txt

Hello World

We're Here

Hello World

We're Here

Piping filtered line of one file to another

Here, grep will only push lines containing ‘Here’ to the output text file

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat helloworld2.txt

Hello World

We're Here

Hello World

We're Here

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# grep Here < helloworld.txt > helloworld4.txt

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat helloworld4.txt

We're Here

Pipes

Allows to output of one command as an input to another command

NOT command chaining – where commands are run sequentially

CommandA output stream > input stream for CommandB

Pipes with ls command

list long (ls –l )
wordcount lines (wc –l)

wc, default, will include the hidden directory ‘.’

ls –A ( don’t include hidden files )
ls –A won’t be output to stdout since it is piped to the ‘wc –l’ command
the ‘wc –l’ command WILL output to stdout

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ls -l

total 28

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18 Apr 2 06:06 2013-04-02.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46 Apr 4 01:08 helloworld2.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11 Apr 4 01:13 helloworld4.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46 Apr 28 15:03 helloworld5.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Apr 4 01:06 helloworld.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Apr 2 07:05 junk1.data

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 83 Apr 3 19:27 testsource.sh

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ls -l | wc -l

ls –l sorts alphabetically by default, use sort -r

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ls -l | sort -r

total 28

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 83 Apr 3 19:27 testsource.sh

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46 Apr 4 01:08 helloworld2.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46 Apr 28 15:03 helloworld5.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Apr 2 07:05 junk1.data

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Apr 4 01:06 helloworld.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18 Apr 2 06:06 2013-04-02.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11 Apr 4 01:13 helloworld4.txt

working with tabular data

CUT Command

cut –f 2 –d ‘ ‘

-f 2= field2

-d ‘ ‘ = delimeter of space

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat data2

firstname,lastname

Lance,Roberts

John,Doe

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat data2 | cut -f 2 -d ','

lastname

Roberts

Doe

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat data2 | cut -f 1 -d ','

firstname

Lance

John

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat data3 | cut -f 1 -d ';' | wc

3 3 21

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat data3 | cut -f 1 -d ';' | wc -l

PS Command

List processes = ps –ax

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ps -ax | grep term

warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'?

See http://gitorious.org/procps/procps/blobs/master/Documentation/FAQ

2887 ? Ss 0:00 /bin/sh -c gnome-terminal

2888 ? Sl 0:08 gnome-terminal

4147 pts/0 S+ 0:00 grep --color=auto term

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ps -ax | grep term | wc -l

warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'?

See http://gitorious.org/procps/procps/blobs/master/Documentation/FAQ

Command Substitution ( `xxxxx` or $() )

output contents of a command, store to variable, use later

special redirect

use of expansions

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat lspath.txt

/etc

/usr

/var

/etc:

total 1152

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 17 2012 acpi

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2981 Oct 17 2012 adduser.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10 Mar 28 23:32 adjtime

/usr:

total 132

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 53248 Apr 2 10:15 bin

drwxrwsr-x 10 root users 4096 Apr 2 10:16 eclipse

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 2 10:12 games

/var:

total 48

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 2 10:43 backups

drwxr-xr-x 16 root root 4096 Oct 17 2012 cache

drwxrwsrwt 2 root whoopsie 4096 Apr 28 13:07 crash

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ls -l `cat lspath.txt` | wc -l

272

Piping results to file

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ls -l `cat lspath.txt` > etclisting.txt

Assigning a variable to a command

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# etcdir=`ls -l /etc`

When echo’ing a this variable, formatting is ugly

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo $etcdir

total 1152 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 17 2012 acpi -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2981 Oct 17 2012 adduser.conf -rw-r—r

So enclose the variable in quotes

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo "$etcdir"

total 1152

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 17 2012 acpi

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2981 Oct 17 2012 adduser.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10 Mar 28 23:32 adjtime

Using $( ) for command substitution

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# etcdir1=$(ls -l /etc)

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ls -l

total 60

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18 Apr 2 06:06 2013-04-02.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 33 Apr 28 15:16 data

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 42 Apr 28 15:19 data2

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 42 Apr 28 15:20 data3

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14822 Apr 28 15:42 etclisting.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46 Apr 4 01:08 helloworld2.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11 Apr 4 01:13 helloworld4.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46 Apr 28 15:03 helloworld5.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23 Apr 4 01:06 helloworld.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Apr 2 07:05 junk1.data

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15 Apr 28 15:38 lspath.txt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 83 Apr 3 19:27 testsource.sh

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# temp2count=`ls -A | wc -l`

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo $temp2count

Disk Utilization –Human Readable ( DU –h )

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# du -h `cat lspath.txt`

12K /etc/lightdm

12K /etc/cron.monthly

780K /etc/ssl/certs

8.0K /etc/ssl/private

804K /etc/ssl

NETSTAT Table

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# sslstatus=`netstat -an | grep 443 | wc -l`

Storing File List

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# touch list.txt

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo lance >> list.txt

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo roberts >> list.txt

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# cat list.txt

lance

roberts

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# filelist=`< list.txt`

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo $filelist

lance roberts

Quoting Nuances

Escape Character = ‘\’

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo this is a test

this is a test

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo is this a question?

is this a question?

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo I love money $

I love money $

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo I love money $thismuch

I love money

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo I love money \$thismuch

I love money $thismuch

SPACES in Filenames

Creating directory with space(s)

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# mkdir testing directory with a space

Creates ( ls –l )

testing

Quotes

‘xxx‘ – strong quotes

“xxx“ – relaxed quotes

$ - variable character

\ - escape character

if the ‘$’ isn’t escaped, unix looks for the variable $var

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo "this is a test $"

this is a test $

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo "this is a test $var"

this is a test

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2#

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo 'this is a test $var'

this is a test $var

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo "this is a test \$var"

this is a test $var

When in double quotes, need to escape reserved words and variables:

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo "this is a test $ \"

> ^C

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo "this is a test $ \\"

this is a test $ \

Strings in single quotes won’t have to be escaped

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# echo 'this is a test $ \'

this is a test $ \

Hello World I

Interpreter designation

Interpreter should be the first line
Good practice to have and #END line as well
file extension should be ‘.sh’ for BASH scripts

helloworld.sh:

#!/bin/bash

echo hello world

#END

SOURCE & ‘./’

Executing with SOURCE

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# source helloworld.sh

hello world

./hello with TAB COMPLETION not working means it isn’t executable

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ./helloworld.sh

bash: ./helloworld.sh: Permission denied

CHMOD

chmod +x = everyone can run

chmod a+x = administrator

chmod u+x = user(root in this case)

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# chmod u+x helloworld.sh

-rwxr--r-- 1 root root 36 Apr 28 16:27 helloworld.sh

Hello World II

Adding Variables

Global Variables set outside functions, used anywhere in script

Local Variables set inside functions and die with them

#!/bin/bash

# Date: 04.28.2013

# Author: Lance Roberts

# Purpose: Hello World

MESSAGE="hello world"

MESSAGE2="The world belongs to me"

#clear

echo "$MESSAGE"

echo "$MESSAGE2"

#END

More items in the script

#!/bin/bash

# Date: 04.28.2013

# Author: Lance Roberts

# Purpose: Hello World

#Variables Begin

MESSAGE="hello world"

MESSAGE2="The world belongs to me"

#Code Begin

clear

#date +%F=date, %r = time

date +%F\ %r

echo "$MESSAGE"

echo "$MESSAGE2"

#END

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ./helloworld.sh > helloworld.txt; cat helloworld.txt

2013-04-28 05:08:34 PM

hello world

The world belongs to me

Hello World III

Reading StdIn

echo What is your name?

read name

echo Hello $name

echo How are you doing?

read feeling

echo You said you were feeling $feeling

Echo name of the script and its path ( ‘basename $0’ )

echo Script Name: `basename $0`

echo Script Location: $0

Script Name: helloworld.sh

Script Location: ./helloworld.sh

Sequential Execution

echo You are currently in the directory $PWD;echo And the current local time is `date +%r`

You are currently in the directory /home/setup/temp2

And the current local time is 05:31:29 PM

Source a separate file (‘.’ or ‘source’)

. filename.sh

source filename.sh

HEAD (Print top to –n lines )

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# head -n 1 helloworld.sh

#!/bin/bash

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# head -n 2 helloworld.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Date: 04.28.2013

helloworld.sh that includes helloworld2.sh

. helloworld2.sh

source helloworld2.sh

helloworld2.sh

MESSAGE3="we are testing BASH includes"

echo $MESSAGE3

You are currently in the directory /home/setup/temp2

And the current local time is 05:39:11 PM

we are testing BASH includes

Functions

Define function FIRST, then can make call

‘function’ is optional

function funcname(){

}

funcname(){

}

Basic Script with StdIn input and sending a Mail item to Admin

#!/bin/bash

# Date: 04.28.2013

# Author: Lance Roberts

# Purpose: Function Definition

# Created: 04.28.2013

# Modified:

function showdate() {

date +%F

}

function showtime(){

date +%r

}

function getuserinfo(){

clear

echo Please enter first name, then last name

read firstname lastname

echo Hello $firstname $lastname

}

mailadmin(){

echo success | mail -s "Successfull Execution of script" root

}

showtime

showdate

getuserinfo

mailadmin

#END

For Loops I

MUST HAVE SPACES AROUND BRACES and BRACKETS

BAD [“ “]

GOOD [ “ “ ]

# For Loop syntax

# for arg in [list]; do action item done

for countries in USA Australia France Latvia Argentina Jamaica

echo $countries

done

#!/bin/bash

#Author: Lance Roberts

#Date: 04.28.2013

# For Loop syntax

# for arg in [list]; do action item done

for file in `ls -A`

echo $file

done

#END

For Loops II

LET command
CUT command
EXIT 0 to control exit code for…
echo $?

#!/bin/bash

#Author: Lance Roberts

#Date: 04.28.2013

# For Loop syntax

# for arg in [list]; do action item done

PASSFILE="/etc/passwd"

COUNT=0

for user in `cat $PASSFILE | cut -f 1 -d ':'`

echo $user

let "COUNT += 1"

done

echo There are $COUNT users registered on the system

exit 0

#END

WHILE LOOPS

^C = interrupting a loop

LOOP WHILE TRUE

LOOP UNTIL FALSE

#!/bin/bash

# Author: Lance Roberts

# Date: 04.28.2013

NUM=0

MAX=20

while [ "$NUM" -le "$MAX" ]

echo $NUM

let "NUM += 1"

done

#END

Command substitution can be used in the while loop also

while [ "`command substitution`" ]

echo $NUM

let "NUM += 1"

done

UNTIL LOOPS

LOOP WHILE FALSE

LOOP UNTIL TRUE

^Z to break the program

^C might only break the current command

#!/bin/bash

# Author: Lance Roberts

# Date: 04.28.2013

#PING until a successful ping occurs ($? == 0)

until [ "$STATUS" -eq "0" ]

ping -c 1 192.168.0.1

echo The host is down

STATUS=`echo $?`

done

#END

Control Structures I

#!/bin/bash

#Author: Lance Roberts

#Date: 04.28.2013

# For Loop syntax

# for arg in [list]; do action item done

for countries in USA Australia France Latvia Argentina Jamaica

if [ "$countries" = "USA" ]

then

echo Welcome to the USA

elif [ "$countries" = "Jamaica" ]

then

echo One Love

else

echo You are from $countries not USA or Jamaica

done

#END

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# . forloop1.sh

Welcome to the USA

You are from Australia not USA or Jamaica

You are from France not USA or Jamaica

You are from Latvia not USA or Jamaica

You are from Argentina not USA or Jamaica

One Love

Control Structures II

IF FILE EXISTS (-e)

FILE="helloworld.sh"

if [ -e "$FILE" ]

then

echo The file exists

else

echo The file does not exist

IF DIR EXISTS (-d)

FILE="test"

if [ -d "$FILE" ]

then

echo The file exists

else

echo The file does not exist

Using Exit Status ( $? )

#!/bin/bash

# Author: Lance Roberts

# Date: 04.28.2013

netstat -ant | grep :80

APACHESTATUS="$?"

if [ "$APACHESTATUS" -eq 0 ]

then

echo Apache is Up and Running

else

echo Apache is NOT Running

#END

Case Statement

#!/bin/bash

#Author: Lance Roberts

#Date: 04.28.2013

# For Loop syntax

# for arg in [list]; do action item done

for countries in USA Australia France Latvia Argentina Jamaica Cuba

echo "Current Country: `echo $countries`:"

case $countries in USA )

echo "Welcome to North America" ;;

Australia )

echo "Good Day Mate";;

France )

echo "Merci";;

Latvia )

echo "Welcome to the former USSR";;

Argentina )

echo "Buenos Dias";;

Jamaica )

echo "One Love";;

* )

echo "Welcome to another land";;

esac

done

#END

Control Structures IIII

Passing Parameters to Shell Scripts

Positional Parameters

. scriptname.sh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
To access params 9+, use ${10}, ${11}
echo ${10}
echo ${11}

#!/bin/bash

# Author: Lance Roberts

# Date: 04.28.2013

BADPARAM=165

# shows how many pos params passed to script

echo $#

if [ $# != 2 ]

then

echo This script requires exactly 2 args

echo "You've entered $# parameters"

exit $BADPARAM

#seq min-max

seq $1 $2

#END

Select Menus

#!/bin/bash

# Author: Lance Roberts

# Date: 04.28.2013

# Purpose: Illustrate basic usage of select

PS3='Please select a choice: '

LIST="MySQL System Quit"

# Can use space-delimited string as a list also

# select i in "Choice1 Choice2"

select i in $LIST

if [ $i = "MySQL" ]

then

watch tail /var/log/mysql.log

elif [ $i = "System" ]

then

watch tail /var/log/mail.log

elif [ $i = "Quit" ]

then

echo "Exiting..."

exit

# break

done

#END

Move Many Files

#!/bin/bash

# Author: Lance Roberts

# Date: 04.28.2013

# Purpose: Use to rename many files

COUNT=0

BADARG=165

REQPARAM=2

#touch test{1,2}

if [ $# != $REQPARAM ]

then

echo incorrect number of arguments passed

exit $BADARG

for file in `ls -A $1*`

# echo $file

mv $file $file.$2

let "COUNT += 1"

done

echo "$COUNT file(s) were moved"

function movetests(){

for file in `ls -A test*`

# echo $file

if [ -e "$file" ]

then

mv $file linuxcbt-$COUNT

let "COUNT += 1"

done

}

#END

Network Check

File Differences

$D:\ASSETS\Templates\Page Separator v1.03.png$

Tutorials

Installing MySQL ( Server and Client)

apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

root | root

Installing Apache2

apt-get install apache2

Apache's default document root is /var/www on Ubuntu, and the configuration file is /etc/apache2/apache2.conf. Additional configurations are stored in subdirectories of the /etc/apache2 directory such as /etc/apache2/mods-enabled (for Apache modules), /etc/apache2/sites-enabled (for virtual hosts), and /etc/apache2/conf.d.

Open a browser with the system’s local IP Address: http://000.000.000.000/

produces a page with “IT WORKS!!”

Installing PHP5

apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

pico /var/www/info.php

<?php

phpinfo();

Open a browser with the system’s local IP Address: http://000.000.000.000/info.php

Checking NetStat

root@ubuntu-vm1:/usr/bin# netstat -ant | grep :3306

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

root@ubuntu-vm1:/usr/bin# netstat -ant | grep :80

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

tcp 1 0 192.168.0.20:52675 91.189.89.144:80 CLOSE_WAIT

PENDING

To get MySQL support in PHP, we can install the php5-mysql package. It's a good idea to install some other PHP5 modules as well as you might need them for your applications. You can search for available PHP5 modules like this:

apt-cache search php5

Pick the ones you need and install them like this:

apt-get install php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl

Now restart Apache2:

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

6 Getting MySQL Support In PHP5

apt-cache search php5

Pick the ones you need and install them like this:

Now restart Apache2:

/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Now reload http://192.168.0.100/info.php in your browser and scroll down to the modules section again. You should now find lots of new modules there, including the MySQL module:

7 phpMyAdmin

phpMyAdmin is a web interface through which you can manage your MySQL databases. It's a good idea to install it:

apt-get install phpmyadmin

You will see the following questions:

Web server to reconfigure automatically: <-- apache2
Configure database for phpmyadmin with dbconfig-common? <-- No

Afterwards, you can access phpMyAdmin under http://192.168.0.100/phpmyadmin/:

Install Output

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# apt-get install php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:

linux-headers-3.5.0-17 linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic

Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.

The following extra packages will be installed:

libc-client2007e libgif4 libmcrypt4 libming1 librecode0 libtidy-0.99-0 mlock

pslib1

Suggested packages:

uw-mailutils libmcrypt-dev mcrypt php5-dev memcached

The following NEW packages will be installed:

libc-client2007e libgif4 libmcrypt4 libming1 librecode0 libtidy-0.99-0 mlock

php-pear php5-curl php5-gd php5-imagick php5-imap php5-intl php5-mcrypt

php5-memcache php5-ming php5-mysql php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp

php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl pslib1

0 upgraded, 26 newly installed, 0 to remove and 45 not upgraded.

Need to get 3,000 kB of archives.

After this operation, 9,110 kB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y

Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libgif4 i386 4.1.6-9.1ubuntu1 [31.2 kB]

Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main librecode0 i386 3.6-20 [708 kB]

Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-curl i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [29.1 kB]

Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-gd i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [34.0 kB]

Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/universe php5-intl i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [70.2 kB]

Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-mysql i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [75.6 kB]

Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-pspell i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [8,692 B]

Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-recode i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [5,206 B]

Get:9 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-snmp i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [20.5 kB]

Get:10 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-sqlite i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [28.1 kB]

Get:11 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libtidy-0.99-0 i386 20091223cvs-1.2 [146 kB]

Get:12 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-tidy i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [19.1 kB]

Get:13 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-xmlrpc i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [36.9 kB]

Get:14 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-xsl i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [14.8 kB]

Get:15 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe mlock i386 8:2007e~dfsg-3.2ubuntu2 [11.8 kB]

Get:16 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe libc-client2007e i386 8:2007e~dfsg-3.2ubuntu2 [736 kB]

Get:17 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe libmcrypt4 i386 2.5.8-3.1 [76.1 kB]

Get:18 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe libming1 i386 1:0.4.4-1.1ubuntu2 [183 kB]

Get:19 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php-pear all 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [369 kB]

Get:20 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe php5-imagick i386 3.1.0~rc1-1build2 [113 kB]

Get:21 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe php5-imap i386 5.4.6-0ubuntu1 [38.7 kB]

Get:22 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe php5-mcrypt i386 5.4.6-0ubuntu1 [18.2 kB]

Get:23 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe php5-memcache i386 3.0.6-6 [59.3 kB]

Get:24 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe php5-ming i386 1:0.4.4-1.1ubuntu2 [49.8 kB]

Get:25 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe pslib1 i386 0.4.5-3 [96.7 kB]

Get:26 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe php5-ps i386 1.3.6-7build1 [20.5 kB]

Fetched 3,000 kB in 12s (236 kB/s)

Selecting previously unselected package libgif4:i386.

(Reading database ... 190958 files and directories currently installed.)

Unpacking libgif4:i386 (from .../libgif4_4.1.6-9.1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package librecode0:i386.

Unpacking librecode0:i386 (from .../librecode0_3.6-20_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-curl.

Unpacking php5-curl (from .../php5-curl_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-gd.

Unpacking php5-gd (from .../php5-gd_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-intl.

Unpacking php5-intl (from .../php5-intl_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-mysql.

Unpacking php5-mysql (from .../php5-mysql_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-pspell.

Unpacking php5-pspell (from .../php5-pspell_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-recode.

Unpacking php5-recode (from .../php5-recode_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-snmp.

Unpacking php5-snmp (from .../php5-snmp_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-sqlite.

Unpacking php5-sqlite (from .../php5-sqlite_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libtidy-0.99-0.

Unpacking libtidy-0.99-0 (from .../libtidy-0.99-0_20091223cvs-1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-tidy.

Unpacking php5-tidy (from .../php5-tidy_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-xmlrpc.

Unpacking php5-xmlrpc (from .../php5-xmlrpc_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-xsl.

Unpacking php5-xsl (from .../php5-xsl_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package mlock.

Unpacking mlock (from .../mlock_8%3a2007e~dfsg-3.2ubuntu2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libc-client2007e.

Unpacking libc-client2007e (from .../libc-client2007e_8%3a2007e~dfsg-3.2ubuntu2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libmcrypt4.

Unpacking libmcrypt4 (from .../libmcrypt4_2.5.8-3.1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libming1.

Unpacking libming1 (from .../libming1_1%3a0.4.4-1.1ubuntu2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php-pear.

Unpacking php-pear (from .../php-pear_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_all.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-imagick.

Unpacking php5-imagick (from .../php5-imagick_3.1.0~rc1-1build2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-imap.

Unpacking php5-imap (from .../php5-imap_5.4.6-0ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-mcrypt.

Unpacking php5-mcrypt (from .../php5-mcrypt_5.4.6-0ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-memcache.

Unpacking php5-memcache (from .../php5-memcache_3.0.6-6_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-ming.

Unpacking php5-ming (from .../php5-ming_1%3a0.4.4-1.1ubuntu2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package pslib1.

Unpacking pslib1 (from .../pslib1_0.4.5-3_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-ps.

Unpacking php5-ps (from .../php5-ps_1.3.6-7build1_i386.deb) ...

Processing triggers for libapache2-mod-php5 ...

* Reloading web server config apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

[ OK ]

Processing triggers for man-db ...

Processing triggers for doc-base ...

Processing 1 added doc-base file...

Setting up libgif4:i386 (4.1.6-9.1ubuntu1) ...

Setting up librecode0:i386 (3.6-20) ...

Setting up php5-curl (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/curl.ini with new version

Setting up php5-gd (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/gd.ini with new version

Setting up php5-intl (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/intl.ini with new version

Setting up php5-mysql (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/mysql.ini with new version

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/mysqli.ini with new version

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/pdo_mysql.ini with new version

Setting up php5-pspell (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/pspell.ini with new version

Setting up php5-recode (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/recode.ini with new version

Setting up php5-snmp (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/snmp.ini with new version

Setting up php5-sqlite (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/sqlite3.ini with new version

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/pdo_sqlite.ini with new version

Setting up libtidy-0.99-0 (20091223cvs-1.2) ...

Setting up php5-tidy (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/tidy.ini with new version

Setting up php5-xmlrpc (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/xmlrpc.ini with new version

Setting up php5-xsl (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/xsl.ini with new version

Setting up mlock (8:2007e~dfsg-3.2ubuntu2) ...

Setting up libc-client2007e (8:2007e~dfsg-3.2ubuntu2) ...

Setting up libmcrypt4 (2.5.8-3.1) ...

Setting up libming1 (1:0.4.4-1.1ubuntu2) ...

Setting up php-pear (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Setting up php5-imagick (3.1.0~rc1-1build2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/conf.d/imagick.ini with new version

Setting up php5-imap (5.4.6-0ubuntu1) ...

Setting up php5-mcrypt (5.4.6-0ubuntu1) ...

Setting up php5-memcache (3.0.6-6) ...

Setting up php5-ming (1:0.4.4-1.1ubuntu2) ...

Setting up pslib1 (0.4.5-3) ...

Processing triggers for libapache2-mod-php5 ...

* Reloading web server config apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

[ OK ]

Setting up php5-ps (1.3.6-7build1) ...

Processing triggers for libc-bin ...

ldconfig deferred processing now taking place

Processing triggers for libapache2-mod-php5 ...

* Reloading web server config apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

[ OK ]

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

* Restarting web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

... waiting apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

[ OK ]

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# apt-get install phpmyadmin

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:

linux-headers-3.5.0-17 linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic

Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.

The following extra packages will be installed:

dbconfig-common

The following NEW packages will be installed:

dbconfig-common phpmyadmin

0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 45 not upgraded.

Need to get 5,845 kB of archives.

After this operation, 16.8 MB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y

Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main dbconfig-common all 1.8.47+nmu1 [468 kB]

Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe phpmyadmin all 4:3.4.11.1-1 [5,377 kB]

Fetched 5,845 kB in 18s (311 kB/s)

Preconfiguring packages ...

Selecting previously unselected package dbconfig-common.

(Reading database ... 191325 files and directories currently installed.)

Unpacking dbconfig-common (from .../dbconfig-common_1.8.47+nmu1_all.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package phpmyadmin.

Unpacking phpmyadmin (from .../phpmyadmin_4%3a3.4.11.1-1_all.deb) ...

Processing triggers for man-db ...

Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme ...

Processing triggers for doc-base ...

Processing 1 added doc-base file...

Setting up dbconfig-common (1.8.47+nmu1) ...

Creating config file /etc/dbconfig-common/config with new version

Setting up phpmyadmin (4:3.4.11.1-1) ...

dbconfig-common: writing config to /etc/dbconfig-common/phpmyadmin.conf

Creating config file /etc/dbconfig-common/phpmyadmin.conf with new version

Creating config file /etc/phpmyadmin/config-db.php with new version

* Reloading web server config apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

8 Links

OUTPUT

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:

linux-headers-3.5.0-17 linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic

Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.

The following extra packages will be installed:

libaio1 libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libhtml-template-perl libnet-daemon-perl

libplrpc-perl libterm-readkey-perl mysql-client-5.5 mysql-client-core-5.5

mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server-core-5.5

Suggested packages:

libipc-sharedcache-perl tinyca

The following NEW packages will be installed:

libaio1 libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libhtml-template-perl libnet-daemon-perl

libplrpc-perl libterm-readkey-perl mysql-client mysql-client-5.5

mysql-client-core-5.5 mysql-server mysql-server-5.5 mysql-server-core-5.5

0 upgraded, 13 newly installed, 0 to remove and 45 not upgraded.

Need to get 25.8 MB of archives.

After this operation, 89.4 MB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y

Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libaio1 i386 0.3.109-2ubuntu1 [6,648 B]

Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libnet-daemon-perl all 0.48-1 [43.1 kB]

Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libplrpc-perl all 0.2020-2 [36.0 kB]

Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libdbi-perl i386 1.622-1 [854 kB]

Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libdbd-mysql-perl i386 4.021-1 [98.1 kB]

Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main mysql-client-core-5.5 i386 5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1 [1,883 kB]

Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libterm-readkey-perl i386 2.30-4build4 [28.5 kB]

Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main mysql-client-5.5 i386 5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1 [8,148 kB]

Get:9 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main mysql-server-core-5.5 i386 5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1 [5,811 kB]

Get:10 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main mysql-server-5.5 i386 5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1 [8,764 kB]

Get:11 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libhtml-template-perl all 2.91-1 [65.1 kB]

Get:12 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main mysql-client all 5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1 [11.3 kB]

Get:13 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main mysql-server all 5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1 [11.5 kB]

Fetched 25.8 MB in 1min 23s (309 kB/s)

Preconfiguring packages ...

Selecting previously unselected package libaio1:i386.

(Reading database ... 189860 files and directories currently installed.)

Unpacking libaio1:i386 (from .../libaio1_0.3.109-2ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libnet-daemon-perl.

Unpacking libnet-daemon-perl (from .../libnet-daemon-perl_0.48-1_all.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libplrpc-perl.

Unpacking libplrpc-perl (from .../libplrpc-perl_0.2020-2_all.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libdbi-perl.

Unpacking libdbi-perl (from .../libdbi-perl_1.622-1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libdbd-mysql-perl.

Unpacking libdbd-mysql-perl (from .../libdbd-mysql-perl_4.021-1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-core-5.5.

Unpacking mysql-client-core-5.5 (from .../mysql-client-core-5.5_5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libterm-readkey-perl.

Unpacking libterm-readkey-perl (from .../libterm-readkey-perl_2.30-4build4_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client-5.5.

Unpacking mysql-client-5.5 (from .../mysql-client-5.5_5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-core-5.5.

Unpacking mysql-server-core-5.5 (from .../mysql-server-core-5.5_5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-5.5.

Unpacking mysql-server-5.5 (from .../mysql-server-5.5_5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libhtml-template-perl.

Unpacking libhtml-template-perl (from .../libhtml-template-perl_2.91-1_all.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package mysql-client.

Unpacking mysql-client (from .../mysql-client_5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1_all.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server.

Unpacking mysql-server (from .../mysql-server_5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1_all.deb) ...

Processing triggers for man-db ...

Processing triggers for ureadahead ...

Setting up libaio1:i386 (0.3.109-2ubuntu1) ...

Setting up libnet-daemon-perl (0.48-1) ...

Setting up libplrpc-perl (0.2020-2) ...

Setting up libdbi-perl (1.622-1) ...

Setting up libdbd-mysql-perl (4.021-1) ...

Setting up mysql-client-core-5.5 (5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1) ...

Setting up libterm-readkey-perl (2.30-4build4) ...

Setting up mysql-client-5.5 (5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1) ...

Setting up mysql-server-core-5.5 (5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1) ...

Setting up mysql-server-5.5 (5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1) ...

mysql start/running, process 18356

Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.91-1) ...

Setting up mysql-client (5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1) ...

Processing triggers for ureadahead ...

Setting up mysql-server (5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1) ...

Processing triggers for libc-bin ...

ldconfig deferred processing now taking place

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# apt-get install apache2

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:

linux-headers-3.5.0-17 linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic

Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.

The following extra packages will be installed:

apache2-mpm-worker apache2-utils apache2.2-bin apache2.2-common libapr1

libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap

Suggested packages:

apache2-doc apache2-suexec apache2-suexec-custom

The following NEW packages will be installed:

apache2 apache2-mpm-worker apache2-utils apache2.2-bin apache2.2-common libapr1

libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap

0 upgraded, 9 newly installed, 0 to remove and 45 not upgraded.

Need to get 3,506 kB of archives.

After this operation, 9,255 kB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y

Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libapr1 i386 1.4.6-3 [90.8 kB]

Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libaprutil1 i386 1.4.1-3 [85.0 kB]

Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 i386 1.4.1-3 [11.9 kB]

Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/main libaprutil1-ldap i386 1.4.1-3 [9,602 B]

Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main apache2.2-bin i386 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2 [2,987 kB]

Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main apache2-utils i386 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2 [89.8 kB]

Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main apache2.2-common i386 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2 [228 kB]

Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main apache2-mpm-worker i386 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2 [2,238 B]

Get:9 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main apache2 i386 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2 [1,440 B]

Fetched 3,506 kB in 12s (283 kB/s)

Selecting previously unselected package libapr1.

(Reading database ... 190333 files and directories currently installed.)

Unpacking libapr1 (from .../libapr1_1.4.6-3_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libaprutil1.

Unpacking libaprutil1 (from .../libaprutil1_1.4.1-3_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3.

Unpacking libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 (from .../libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3_1.4.1-3_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libaprutil1-ldap.

Unpacking libaprutil1-ldap (from .../libaprutil1-ldap_1.4.1-3_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package apache2.2-bin.

Unpacking apache2.2-bin (from .../apache2.2-bin_2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package apache2-utils.

Unpacking apache2-utils (from .../apache2-utils_2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package apache2.2-common.

Unpacking apache2.2-common (from .../apache2.2-common_2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package apache2-mpm-worker.

Unpacking apache2-mpm-worker (from .../apache2-mpm-worker_2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package apache2.

Unpacking apache2 (from .../apache2_2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2_i386.deb) ...

Processing triggers for man-db ...

Processing triggers for ureadahead ...

Processing triggers for ufw ...

Setting up libapr1 (1.4.6-3) ...

Setting up libaprutil1 (1.4.1-3) ...

Setting up libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 (1.4.1-3) ...

Setting up libaprutil1-ldap (1.4.1-3) ...

Setting up apache2.2-bin (2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2) ...

Setting up apache2-utils (2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2) ...

Setting up apache2.2-common (2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2) ...

Enabling site default.

Enabling module alias.

Enabling module autoindex.

Enabling module dir.

Enabling module env.

Enabling module mime.

Enabling module negotiation.

Enabling module setenvif.

Enabling module status.

Enabling module auth_basic.

Enabling module deflate.

Enabling module authz_default.

Enabling module authz_user.

Enabling module authz_groupfile.

Enabling module authn_file.

Enabling module authz_host.

Enabling module reqtimeout.

Processing triggers for ureadahead ...

Processing triggers for ufw ...

Setting up apache2-mpm-worker (2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2) ...

* Starting web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

[ OK ]

Setting up apache2 (2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2) ...

Processing triggers for libc-bin ...

ldconfig deferred processing now taking place

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# nano

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# pico

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# which pico

/usr/bin/pico

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# which nano

/usr/bin/nano

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:

linux-headers-3.5.0-17 linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic

Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.

The following extra packages will be installed:

apache2-mpm-prefork php5-cli php5-common

Suggested packages:

php-pear

The following packages will be REMOVED:

apache2-mpm-worker

The following NEW packages will be installed:

apache2-mpm-prefork libapache2-mod-php5 php5 php5-cli php5-common

0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 1 to remove and 45 not upgraded.

Need to get 5,798 kB of archives.

After this operation, 17.8 MB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y

Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main apache2-mpm-prefork i386 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2 [2,354 B]

Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-common i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [426 kB]

Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main libapache2-mod-php5 i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [2,692 kB]

Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5 all 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [1,066 B]

Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main php5-cli i386 5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2 [2,676 kB]

Fetched 5,798 kB in 19s (297 kB/s)

dpkg: apache2-mpm-worker: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you requested:

apache2 depends on apache2-mpm-worker (= 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2) | apache2-mpm-prefork (= 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2) | apache2-mpm-event (= 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2) | apache2-mpm-itk (= 2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2); however:

Package apache2-mpm-worker is to be removed.

Package apache2-mpm-prefork is not installed.

Package apache2-mpm-event is not installed.

Package apache2-mpm-itk is not installed.

(Reading database ... 190908 files and directories currently installed.)

Removing apache2-mpm-worker ...

* Stopping web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

... waiting [ OK ]

Selecting previously unselected package apache2-mpm-prefork.

(Reading database ... 190905 files and directories currently installed.)

Unpacking apache2-mpm-prefork (from .../apache2-mpm-prefork_2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2_i386.deb) ...

Setting up apache2-mpm-prefork (2.2.22-6ubuntu2.2) ...

* Starting web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

[ OK ]

Selecting previously unselected package php5-common.

(Reading database ... 190910 files and directories currently installed.)

Unpacking php5-common (from .../php5-common_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libapache2-mod-php5.

Unpacking libapache2-mod-php5 (from .../libapache2-mod-php5_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5.

Unpacking php5 (from .../php5_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_all.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package php5-cli.

Unpacking php5-cli (from .../php5-cli_5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...

Processing triggers for man-db ...

Setting up php5-common (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/mods-available/pdo.ini with new version

Setting up libapache2-mod-php5 (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini with new version

* Restarting web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

... waiting apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName

[ OK ]

Setting up php5 (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Setting up php5-cli (5.4.6-1ubuntu1.2) ...

Creating config file /etc/php5/cli/php.ini with new version

update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/php5 to provide /usr/bin/php (php) in auto mode

MAIL UTILS & Mutt

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# ./helloworld.sh | mail -s "Testing hello world using pipes" root

The program 'mail' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing:

apt-get install mailutils

apt-get install mutt

Selecting LOCAL just for testing locally, no mail server

│ Please select the mail server configuration type that best meets │

│ your needs. │

│ │

│ No configuration: │

│ Should be chosen to leave the current configuration unchanged. │

│ Internet site: │

│ Mail is sent and received directly using SMTP. │

│ Internet with smarthost: │

│ Mail is received directly using SMTP or by running a utility such │

│ as fetchmail. Outgoing mail is sent using a smarthost. │

│ Satellite system: │

│ All mail is sent to another machine, called a 'smarthost', for │

│ delivery. │

│ Local only: │

│ The only delivered mail is the mail for local users. There is no │

│ network.

┌──────────────────────┤ Postfix Configuration ├──────────────────────┐

│ The "mail name" is the domain name used to "qualify" _ALL_ mail │

│ addresses without a domain name. This includes mail to and from │

│ <root>: please do not make your machine send out mail from │

│ root@example.org unless root@example.org has told you to. │

│ │

│ This name will also be used by other programs. It should be the │

│ single, fully qualified domain name (FQDN). │

│ │

│ Thus, if a mail address on the local host is foo@example.org, the │

│ correct value for this option would be example.org. │

│ │

│ System mail name: │

│ │

│ ubuntu-vm1_________________________________________________________ │

Installation Entries

root@ubuntu-vm1:~/temp2# apt-get install mailutils

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:

linux-headers-3.5.0-17 linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic

Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.

The following extra packages will be installed:

libgsasl7 libmailutils4 libmysqlclient18 libntlm0 mailutils-common

mysql-common postfix

Suggested packages:

mailutils-mh mailutils-doc procmail postfix-mysql postfix-pgsql

postfix-ldap postfix-pcre sasl2-bin dovecot-common postfix-cdb

postfix-doc

The following NEW packages will be installed:

libgsasl7 libmailutils4 libmysqlclient18 libntlm0 mailutils

mailutils-common mysql-common postfix

0 upgraded, 8 newly installed, 0 to remove and 45 not upgraded.

Need to get 3,795 kB of archives.

After this operation, 12.5 MB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y

Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main mysql-common all 5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1 [13.3 kB]

Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main libmysqlclient18 i386 5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1 [933 kB]

Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe libntlm0 i386 1.2-1 [18.4 kB]

Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe libgsasl7 i386 1.8.0-2 [142 kB]

Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe mailutils-common all 1:2.99.97-3 [450 kB]

Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe libmailutils4 i386 1:2.99.97-3 [524 kB]

Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal-updates/main postfix i386 2.9.6-1~12.10.1 [1,276 kB]

Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ quantal/universe mailutils i386 1:2.99.97-3 [438 kB]

Fetched 3,795 kB in 13s (282 kB/s)

Preconfiguring packages ...

Selecting previously unselected package mysql-common.

(Reading database ... 189420 files and directories currently installed.)

Unpacking mysql-common (from .../mysql-common_5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1_all.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libmysqlclient18:i386.

Unpacking libmysqlclient18:i386 (from .../libmysqlclient18_5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libntlm0.

Unpacking libntlm0 (from .../libntlm0_1.2-1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libgsasl7.

Unpacking libgsasl7 (from .../libgsasl7_1.8.0-2_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package mailutils-common.

Unpacking mailutils-common (from .../mailutils-common_1%3a2.99.97-3_all.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package libmailutils4.

Unpacking libmailutils4 (from .../libmailutils4_1%3a2.99.97-3_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package postfix.

Unpacking postfix (from .../postfix_2.9.6-1~12.10.1_i386.deb) ...

Selecting previously unselected package mailutils.

Unpacking mailutils (from .../mailutils_1%3a2.99.97-3_i386.deb) ...

Processing triggers for man-db ...

Processing triggers for ureadahead ...

ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot

Processing triggers for ufw ...

Setting up mysql-common (5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1) ...

Setting up libmysqlclient18:i386 (5.5.31-0ubuntu0.12.10.1) ...

Setting up libntlm0 (1.2-1) ...

Setting up libgsasl7 (1.8.0-2) ...

Setting up mailutils-common (1:2.99.97-3) ...

Setting up libmailutils4 (1:2.99.97-3) ...

Setting up postfix (2.9.6-1~12.10.1) ...

Adding group `postfix' (GID 126) ...

Done.

Adding system user `postfix' (UID 117) ...

Adding new user `postfix' (UID 117) with group `postfix' ...

Not creating home directory `/var/spool/postfix'.

Creating /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf

Adding tcp map entry to /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf

Adding sqlite map entry to /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf

Adding group `postdrop' (GID 127) ...

Done.

setting myhostname: ubuntu-vm1

setting alias maps

setting alias database

mailname is not a fully qualified domain name. Not changing /etc/mailname.

setting destinations: ubuntu-vm1, localhost.localdomain, localhost

setting relayhost:

setting mynetworks: 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128

setting mailbox_size_limit: 0

setting recipient_delimiter: +

setting inet_interfaces: loopback-only

setting default_transport: error

setting relay_transport: error

/etc/aliases does not exist, creating it.

WARNING: /etc/aliases exists, but does not have a root alias.

Postfix is now set up with a default configuration. If you need to make

changes, edit

/etc/postfix/main.cf (and others) as needed. To view Postfix configuration

values, see postconf(1).

After modifying main.cf, be sure to run '/etc/init.d/postfix reload'.

Running newaliases

* Stopping Postfix Mail Transport Agent postfix [ OK ]

* Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent postfix [ OK ]

Processing triggers for ureadahead ...

Processing triggers for ufw ...

Setting up mailutils (1:2.99.97-3) ...

update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/frm.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/frm (frm) in auto mode

update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/from.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/from (from) in auto mode

update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/messages.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/messages (messages) in auto mode

update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/movemail.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/movemail (movemail) in auto mode

update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/readmsg.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/readmsg (readmsg) in auto mode

update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/dotlock.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/dotlock (dotlock) in auto mode

update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/mail.mailutils to provide /usr/bin/mailx (mailx) in auto mode

Processing triggers for libc-bin ...

ldconfig deferred processing now taking place

Terminal Colors

Right-Click in the Terminal, select Profile Preferences

4bit Terminal Color Scheme Designer

http://ciembor.github.com/4bit/#

#!/bin/bash

# Save this script into set_colors.sh, make this file executable and run it:

# $ chmod +x set_colors.sh

# $ ./set_colors.sh

# Alternatively copy lines below directly into your shell.

gconftool-2 --set /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/use_theme_background --type bool false

gconftool-2 --set /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/use_theme_colors --type bool false

gconftool-2 -s -t string /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/background_color '#0d0d19192626'

gconftool-2 -s -t string /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/foreground_color '#d9d9e6e6f2f2'

gconftool-2 -s -t string /apps/gnome-terminal/profiles/Default/palette '#000000000000:#b8b87a7a7a7a:#7a7ab8b87a7a:#b8b8b8b87a7a:#7a7a7a7ab8b8:#b8b87a7ab8b8:#7a7ab8b8b8b8:#d9d9d9d9d9d9:#262626262626:#dbdbbdbdbdbd:#bdbddbdbbdbd:#dbdbdbdbbdbd:#bdbdbdbddbdb:#dbdbbdbddbdb:#bdbddbdbdbdb:#ffffffffffff'

$D:\ASSETS\Templates\Page Separator v1.03.png$

Bash: CBT Training Notes Take2

Introduction

Commands QUICK List

Pico

Basics

Shell Prompts

CD

EXIT

PAGE & LESS

etc/profile

etc/bash.rc

Hidden Files

etc/skel (SKELETON)

.bash_logout

.bash_profile

.bashrc

.bash_logout

Explanations

bash_profile

bashrc

Files Readupon logon

System-wide

Per User (if exists..)

Creating a new user

Scope vs Location

Command History

Setting up SSH(Port 20)

Verify Installation and Status

SET

SET alone will print ALL variables

SET | GREP <STRING> will filter by the string

PRINTENV

Echo <variable>

TEST

Operators: Testing Integers

Operators: Testing Strings

Testing Devices

Other Tests

String Tests

Bash Commands

Updating File Timestamp with TOUCH

List all files and find get count

TIME ( Timer )

PS ( Pocesses )

Locating process instances

KILL

TOP

TAIL

DATE

EXPR (Expression) with Integers

EXPR with Strings

%s (Time since epoch)

%N ( nano seconds)

SEQ ( Sequence )

CTRL-Z and FG

SORT (Similar to CAT)

UNIQ

CUT ( Cut Columns from piped input )

TR ( Translation )

Scripted Version

Built-In Commands

PWD

CD

READ

SET & UNSET

SOURCE

EXPORT

Shell Expansions

Brace Expansion

Aliases

ALIAS

ALIAS ( Setting an alias )

UNALIAS ( Unsetting an alias )

Exit Status Unsetting an alias

Command Chaining

Command Lists

&&

||

I/O Redirection

vi